Its usage is normally limited with civic aviation. General aviation representatives purchase it for compatible diesel engine planes as well. Jet A1 is considered the optimal fuel for the most modern aircraft and the primary fuel for jet turbine engines. In particular, it meets the following standards. Since the demand for it is steadily high on an international level, it is subject to strict quality specifications. This fuel is suitable for most types of jet aircraft. Its maximum freezing point is -47☌ and its minimum flashpoint is +38☌. Jet A1 does not freeze in such an environment. At cruising altitude, the air temperature might drop below -30☌. Plus, certain additives serve as the basis for the above-mentioned frost resistance. Get rid of the organisms that otherwise would have grown in the fuel.Do not allow the fuel to ignite uncontrollably.Prevent deposits from forming in the turbine.Prevent the fuel from becoming electrically charged.These additives carry out the following functions. Very small amounts of additives are added to the substance after refining. It consists of light petroleum that was thoroughly refined. Thanks to its thermal and storage stability, it reduces the risks of the fuel's deterioration. Even at the highest altitudes, it will not crystallize. Due to its outstanding heat output, it increases flight autonomy. Professionals value it highly because it enables the aircraft to get the maximum energy with a minimum fuel load.

On a 100000 litre uplift that is a difference of 2000litres to get the same weight of fuel on board.Jet A1 is a widely used aviation fuel. Our fuel here is normallyt around 0.800 in the summer, but in the last week I have received fuel at 0.79, and at 0.812. So colder more dense fuel is cheaper for the airlines. There is a marked difference in SG between fuel that has been stored for a few days (and heated by the sun) to fuel that is straight out of the pipeline. Here at ARN the fuel is stored in overground tanks. This meant that when the B744 was fuelled to full tanks, the weight of the fuel on board was much higher than normal, and allowed the aircraft to make SYD non-stop. They also kept it underground to keep it cold.

When Qantas operated their single non-stop B747-400 delivery flight from LHR to SYD, the fuel supplier at LHR produced a special batch of Jet A1 that was at the top end of the allowable density. I also need to know what is meant by specific gravity ( S.G)? How can temperature be a contributing factor ?

Jet a1 density vs temperature table